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Nature Communications | Chinese Medical Team Innovates CAR-T Therapy to Bring New Hope for AML Treatment
Nature Communications | Chinese Medical Team Innovates CAR-T Therapy to Bring New Hope for AML Treatment
AML
In the field of hematological malignancies, the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has long been a challenge in the medical community. Particularly for relapsed or refractory patients, the limitations of traditional treatments have increased the urgent need for new therapies. With the advancements in immunotherapy technology, the continuous updating of CAR-T cell therapy has brought new possibilities for the treatment of AML.
Recently, a study titled “CAR-T Cells with C-JUN Overexpression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Preclinical Features and Phase I Trial” was published in the journal Nature Communications. This study comprehensively explores the potential optimization mechanisms of CAR-T therapy in AML and was jointly completed by doctors and professors from three top hospitals in China.
During an interview, the Chinese medical team stated that in designing this study, they focused on the major obstacles in CAR-T cell therapy for AML. Although CD33, a highly expressed target, has been extensively explored in multiple studies, safety and efficacy remain challenges. The study found that high expression of CD155 affects the ERK signaling pathway, thereby hindering the effective expansion of CD33. To address this challenge, the research team ultimately selected the overexpression of C-JUN to enhance the exhaustion resistance of CAR-T cells by screening ERK pathway genes. Preliminary results from the clinical trial showed that this overexpressed CD33 CAR-T cell exhibited significant advantages in antitumor function.
Despite the progress, the challenges in CAR-T therapy for AML treatment were also emphasized, including the balance between high efficacy and low toxicity, the expansion of CAR-T cells in myeloid leukemia cells, and the affinity of antibody binding. Subsequent research will focus more on addressing these key issues to enable more patients to benefit from CAR-T therapy.
The Chinese clinical trials revealed some key findings of CAR-T therapy, such as the effectiveness of the bridging transplant strategy and the remarkable efficacy of CD33 CAR-T cells derived from transplant donors. These studies not only provide new insights into the application of CAR-T therapy in AML but also offer references for the optimization of therapies targeting other antigens.
The Chinese medical team will continue to conduct in-depth research around the three core issues of toxicity, expansion, and antigen binding, aiming to overcome challenges and enable more patients to benefit from the breakthrough results of CAR-T cell therapy.
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Chinese Research Team New Treatment Shows Promise: CD7 CAR-T Cell Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory AML
Chinese Research Team New Treatment Shows Promise: CD7 CAR-T Cell Therapy for Relapsed/Refractory AML
A recent clinical trial has unveiled a new prospect for treating relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The study delved into the safety and efficacy of a natural selection CD7 CAR-T cell (NS7 CAR-T cell) in treating CD7+ relapsed/refractory AML patients.
The research involved 10 cases of CD7+ relapsed/refractory AML, where 30% of AML patients expressed CD7. Following treatment with NS7 CAR-T cell infusion, the results showed that within 4 weeks post-infusion, 70% of patients achieved complete bone marrow remission (CR), with 6 patients achieving a deep remission at the level of minimal residual disease (MRD). Notably, the loss of CD7 was identified as a primary reason for non-response in some patients.
The study also indicated that the majority of patients (80%) experienced mild cytokine release syndrome (CRS) post-infusion, with no observed neurotoxicity.
Furthermore, for select patients, continuing with a second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation post NS7 CAR-T cell treatment resulted in promising long-term outcomes. However, further exploration is required for patients who did not undergo consolidative transplants to enhance treatment efficacy.
Professor Lu Peihua(Lu Daopei Hospital) remarked that this study highlights the potential of CD7 CAR-T cells as a bridging therapy before transplantation, demonstrating preliminary therapeutic efficacy for relapsed/refractory AML patients. Nevertheless, a comprehensive evaluation of its efficacy requires a larger sample size and longer-term follow-up.
This preliminary study represents a significant advancement in the field of AML treatment, but collaborative efforts and more research are still necessary. Looking ahead, we anticipate further studies and treatment outcomes to bring more beneficial therapeutic options for the long-term survival of patients, supported by a broader patient cohort and collaborative efforts from the medical community.
The outlook for this CD7 CAR-T cell therapy is promising, especially for AML patients who have undergone various treatments and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants. We look forward to more in-depth research and treatment outcomes in the future, offering more beneficial treatment choices for long-term survival among patients.
(source: ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT04938115
Preliminary results published by Professor Lu Peihua and their team in a top-tier journal)
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