Blood Cancer Solution Including leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and others.

Blood Cancer Solution

Including leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and others.

Blood Cancer

#leukemia #lymphoma #multiplemyeloma

#Hematologic malignancies are a group of malignant diseases originating from hematopoietic cells, often affecting the bone marrow, blood, and various organs and tissues throughout the body. Common types of hematologic malignancies include leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, lymphomas, multiple myeloma, and myeloproliferative neoplasms.

The causes of these diseases are complex, involving genetic mutations, immune abnormalities, radiation exposure, contact with harmful chemicals, infections, and hereditary factors. Additionally, poor lifestyle habits, high levels of stress, and environmental factors can also increase the risk of developing these conditions.

With an aging population and advancements in medical technology, the incidence of hematologic malignancies has been rising globally. In China, the incidence and mortality rates of leukemia and lymphoma are now among the top ranks of all malignancies.

However, hematologic malignancies are not incurable. In recent years, the treatment methods for these diseases have seen significant progress. From traditional combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, monoclonal antibody therapy, antibody-drug conjugates, small molecule targeted therapies, and the latest immunotherapies, treatment options have become increasingly diverse and precise.

Combination chemotherapy remains a primary treatment for many hematologic malignancies, despite its significant side effects. The efficacy of these treatments cannot be ignored. Modern chemotherapy regimens are continually being refined, including the incorporation of new cytotoxic drugs and targeted therapies, as well as the use of monoclonal antibodies. Additionally, the appropriate use of antiemetics, hematopoietic growth factors, and anti-infective agents helps to mitigate adverse effects.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation continues to be one of the most effective treatments for certain hematologic malignancies. The development of this treatment in China has been rapid, with 170 registered transplant centers by 2020.

Monoclonal antibodies, often referred to as “biological missiles,” have a high degree of specificity and single biological activity. They have revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) utilize monoclonal antibodies to accurately identify tumor cell markers, guiding the delivery of chemotherapy drugs for targeted treatment.

Small molecule targeted therapies work by interfering with specific genes or proteins to inhibit tumor cell growth and proliferation. Gleevec, the first small molecule targeted therapy, increased the five-year survival rate for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients from 30% to 89%, marking a breakthrough in cancer treatment. Today, there are numerous small molecule targeted drugs available for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, including BCR-ABL inhibitors, BTK inhibitors, BCL-2 inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors, and XPO1 inhibitors, with many more drugs currently in clinical trials expected to become available soon.

Immunotherapy includes immune checkpoint inhibitors (such as PD-1/L1), cancer vaccines, cellular immunotherapies (such as #CART), and nonspecific immunomodulatory treatments. #CARTtherapy, in particular, has gained widespread attention as an emerging curative treatment. This approach involves extracting a patient’s T cells, modifying them outside the body to specifically recognize and attack tumor cells, and then reinfusing the modified T cells into the patient. This therapy has been successfully applied to various hematologic malignancies, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphomas, and multiple myeloma. The first patient treated with CAR-T therapy has been disease-free for 11 years.

In recent years, China has made significant advances in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. The establishment of the “Chinese Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of High-Risk Multiple Myeloma” and the presentation by Professor Huang He at the 2024 #EHA conference on targeting CD7 universal CAR-T therapy for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) have shown remarkable efficacy and safety. Additionally, exciting new data from the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (#ASCO) annual meeting highlighted the efficacy of Relma-cel in treating relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (R/R LBCL), with a four-year overall survival rate (#OS) of 66.7%. Particularly noteworthy is the research on multiple myeloma, where the BCMA-targeted CAR-T therapy has demonstrated deep and lasting responses, with a complete response (#CR) rate of 82.4% and a 12-month progression-free survival (#PFS) rate of 85.5%.

With the continuous development of new treatments and the emergence of new drugs, hematologic malignancies in China are no longer considered incurable diseases. Through standardized, individualized, and precise treatments, many patients with hematologic malignancies can achieve long-term disease-free survival, and even a cure, returning to normal work and life. As medicine continues to advance, every life will continue to shine brightly!

To assess whether the condition is suitable for CAR-T or clinic therapy, you can submit Advanced Medicine in China for preliminary evaluation!

WhatsApp: +8613717959070

Email: doctor.huang@globecancer.com

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6 months ago Solid tumor

2024 ASCO China Voice: China’s TIL therapy – GC203: A Powerful Strike Against Ovarian Cancer with an 83.3% Disease Control Rate

2024 ASCO China Voice: China’s TIL therapy makes a grand debut, targeting ovarian cancer.

**GC203: A Powerful Strike Against Ovarian Cancer with an 83.3% Disease Control Rate**

TIL therapy

Ovarian cancer is a type of gynecologic tumor with a poor prognosis, with 70% of patients being diagnosed at a late stage. Unfortunately, effective treatment options for advanced ovarian cancer are quite limited, primarily relying on platinum-based chemotherapy. However, many ovarian cancer patients are not responsive to chemotherapy. Thus, there is an urgent need for new treatment options.

GC203 (mbIL-7-TIL) is a novel non-viral vector gene-modified TIL therapy utilizing membrane-bound IL-7. Developed by JunSai Biotech using the DeepTIL® cell expansion platform and NovaGMP® gene modification platform, it efficiently modifies T cells in a more economical way, enhancing the antitumor activity of TIL cells, activating internal immune cells, and avoiding systemic toxicity. It does not require lymphodepletion or combined IL-2 therapy post-infusion. A single patient is expected to save approximately 150,000 RMB in associated clinical costs, significantly improving the accessibility of TIL therapy and benefiting more cancer patients.

At the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, the latest clinical study results of GC203’s Phase 1 trial (NCT05468307) were announced. Between September 2021 and January 2024, 20 patients with recurrent ovarian cancer were enrolled, having undergone a median of 2.5 lines (range 1-9) of chemotherapy regimens (including PARP inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, etc.). After enrollment, patients first underwent tumor tissue resection, which was transported to GMP for a 22-26 day preparation period. The cryopreserved infusion products were then returned to the clinical center. Finally, patients received lymphocyte depletion pretreatment (including cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine), a one-time PD-1 antibody infusion, and GC203 TIL cell reinfusion therapy.

After a median follow-up of 8.7 months (range, 2.9-18.8 months), results from 18 evaluable patients showed the following:

1. **Objective Response Rate (ORR):** The ORR in evaluable patients (n=18) was 33.3% (95% CI: 16.3%-56.3%). Among them, 22.2% (4 patients) achieved partial response (PR), and 11.1% (2 patients) achieved complete response (CR).

2. **Disease Control Rate (DCR):** The DCR in evaluable patients (n=18) was 83.3% (95% CI: 60.8%-94.2%).

3. **Median Progression-Free Survival (PFS):** The median PFS was 5.5 months (range, 1.0-14.1 months).

4. **Overall Survival (OS) Rate:** The 6-month OS rate was 75.6% (95% CI: 57.4%-99.6%); the 12-month OS rate was 68.8% (95% CI: 49.3%-95.9%).

5. **Adverse Reactions:** Most treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were grade 1 or 2, with common adverse reactions including elevated C-reactive protein levels (33%), fever (33%), and fatigue (11%), which could be alleviated or cured with symptomatic treatment. No other serious adverse reactions were observed.

In summary, for patients with recurrent or metastatic ovarian cancer with limited treatment options, GC203 TIL cell reinfusion therapy has shown good efficacy. Due to low-intensity pretreatment and no need for combined IL-2 therapy, its safety is significantly improved compared to traditional TIL therapy.

**How to Seek Help from TIL Therapy?**

The good news is that several TIL therapy clinical trials are currently recruiting in China, primarily targeting various solid tumors such as non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, cholangiocarcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, fallopian tube cancer, urothelial cancer, and renal cancer.

Patients seeking help from TIL therapy can submit their complete treatment history, recent pathology reports, imaging examination reports, and discharge summaries to Advanced Medicine in China.

 

WhatsApp: +8613717959070
Email: doctor.huang@globecancer.com

#OvarianCancer #TILTherapy #CancerTreatment #ASCO2024 #GC203 #Immunotherapy #MedicalResearch #Biotech #Oncology #ClinicalTrials #CancerInnovation #JunSaiBiotech #TIL #CancerBreakthrough #PatientCare #MedicalAdvancements

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6 months ago Solid tumor

The Hidden “Anti-Cancer Weapon” in Tumor Tissue – TIL Cells

### The Hidden “Anti-Cancer Weapon” in Tumor Tissue – TIL Cells

TIL Therapy

**TIL Cells: Turning Tumor Tissue “Waste” into Treasure**

Lymphocytes are a crucial part of the immune system. They can be found both in the periphery and within tumor tissues, serving as the body’s natural defense against tumor cells. Traditionally, only a small portion of excised tumor tissue is used for pathological diagnosis, while the majority is discarded as medical waste. This practice wastes the valuable anti-cancer resources hidden within the patient’s own body!

Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) therapy involves extracting lymphocytes from the tumor biopsy tissue of cancer patients. Using DNA sequencing technology, these lymphocytes surrounding the tumor cells are collected, expanded, and cultured in vitro before being reinfused into the patient. TIL therapy has shown positive clinical outcomes in various solid tumors, such as non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and head and neck cancers. Compared to other T-cell therapies like CAR-T and TCR-T, TIL therapy offers broader targeting, more precise recognition, and more enduring anti-cancer effects.

**Applications of TIL Cells**

1. **For Early-Stage Cancer Patients:** TIL cells can be used as adjuvant therapy after surgery, helping to eliminate residual cancer cells following traditional treatments like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, thereby preventing tumor recurrence or metastasis.

2. **For Advanced Cancer Patients:** TIL cells can serve as a last-line salvage treatment, aiding in extending survival time, improving quality of life, and addressing the dilemma of “no available drugs” for late-stage cancer patients.

**The Relationship Between TIL Cells and Cancer Patient Prognosis**

Using “non-small cell lung cancer” (#NSCLC) as an example, we can explore the impact of peripheral and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL cells) on the prognosis of cancer patients.

A hospital in Tianjin, China, collected peripheral blood and tumor tissue samples from 105 newly diagnosed and untreated stage III/IV NSCLC patients. They analyzed the overall composition of peripheral blood cells and TIL cells, calculating and analyzing the overall survival (OS) of all patients. The results were as follows:

1. The median overall survival (mOS) for all patients was 12 months. The 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 60.5%, 28.4%, and 18.6%, respectively.

2. Patient OS was related to tumor size, tumor pathology, and CRP levels.

– **Tumor Size:** Patients with tumor lesions smaller than 4.8 cm had significantly longer OS compared to those with lesions larger than 4.8 cm (p=0.040).

– **Tumor Pathology:** Patients with squamous cell carcinoma had significantly longer OS compared to those with adenocarcinoma (p=0.025).

– **CRP Levels:** Patients with CRP levels below 8.29 mg/L had significantly longer OS compared to those with higher CRP levels (p=0.011).

– **Tumor CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Infiltration:** Patients with higher levels of tumor CD4+ and CD8+ T cell infiltration had significantly longer survival compared to those with lower infiltration levels (p<0.0001 and p=0.011, respectively).

In conclusion, in newly diagnosed stage III/IV NSCLC patients, OS is associated with increased numbers of peripheral lymphocytes, CD4+ TIL, and CD8+ TIL, and is positively correlated with several basic clinical factors. This highlights the necessity of timely TIL cell storage. Patients are advised not to waste their valuable anti-cancer immune cells.

**Timing of TIL Cell Storage**

Generally, TIL cells should be stored as early as possible, ideally before receiving other treatments like radiotherapy or chemotherapy. At this stage, TIL cells have the strongest anti-cancer capability for the following reasons:

1. **TIL Cell Quantity:** TIL cell numbers gradually decrease as the tumor progresses. Clinical studies on TIL cell therapy for melanoma have found that T cell and NK cell numbers significantly decrease with tumor progression.

2. **Postoperative Adjuvant Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy:** These treatments not only kill cancer cells but also destroy immune cells and normal cells, reducing the anti-cancer efficacy of immune cells. Clinical studies on TIL cell therapy for cervical cancer have shown that CD4+ and CD8+ cell numbers significantly decrease in late-stage tumor TIL cells.

Therefore, patients are encouraged to seize their precious and unique opportunity for anti-cancer treatment. With the consent of their primary physician, they should preserve fresh tumor tissue samples preoperatively and entrust professional institutions with TIL cell isolation, culture, and cryopreservation. This can be used for postoperative adjuvant therapy to eliminate residual cancer cells, prevent tumor recurrence, or serve as a last-line salvage treatment for advanced cancer patients.

Since its initial clinical application in 1988, TIL therapy has developed over more than thirty years. Compared to other T-cell therapies, TIL therapy has the unique advantage of turning the patient’s own tumor tissue “waste” into a valuable resource, offering unique benefits in treating solid tumors and even helping some patients achieve long-term survival with the tumor.

China’s TIL therapy has been specially modified based on the American tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy to enhance TIL cell self-expansion ability and overcome the tumor microenvironment. In recent years, several new TIL therapies have been developed in China. Notably, the two TIL therapies showcased at the 2024 ASCO conference not only demonstrated impressive efficacy but also featured one therapy that requires neither lymphodepletion nor IL-2 treatment, significantly improving safety and cost-effectiveness!

The good news is that several TIL therapies have been officially approved for clinical research in China, targeting various solid tumors such as non-small cell lung cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, esophageal cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer. Patients seeking to store tumor tissue or seek TIL therapy assistance can consult Advanced Medicine in China

WhatsApp: 137 1795 9070

Email: doctor.huang@globecancer.com

#til #tilcell #cancer #nonsmallcelllungcancer #cholangiocarcinoma #carcinoma #esophagealcancer #cervicalcancer #ovariancancer #breastcancer #tumor #Tiltherapy #ASCO #asco2024 #2024asco