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A Chinese medical team has made a significant breakthrough in the treatment of dMMR (deficient mismatch repair) metastatic colorectal cancer. Recently, their latest research findings were published in the *Med* journal, a subsidiary of *Cell*, offering new treatment hope for patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
The study revealed that the combination of PD-1 antibody immunotherapy with COX inhibitors, drugs commonly used for anti-inflammatory treatment, significantly improved treatment effectiveness. This innovative strategy could substantially increase survival chances for patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in China, and its incidence is on the rise. While PD-1 antibody immunotherapy has brought hope to some patients, its success rate is only 45%. Approximately 30% of dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer patients are resistant to PD-1 treatment. Therefore, the Chinese team explored combining PD-1 immunotherapy with COX inhibitors (such as celecoxib and aspirin) to overcome this resistance.
The team’s Phase 2 clinical trial yielded remarkable results. Among the 30 patients who received the combination therapy, the overall response rate was 73.3%, a 30% improvement over PD-1 monotherapy. After more than four years of follow-up, 65% of patients achieved progression-free survival, and 90% were still alive. Four patients reached complete remission, while 11 others underwent surgery, with 10 showing complete pathological remission.
In addition to the notable clinical outcomes, genomic and immunological analysis revealed that high expression of the TAPBP protein was associated with better treatment results. This discovery opens new avenues for the development of biomarkers to predict treatment response and for personalized treatment plans in the future.
Following the publication of the study, it attracted significant attention from the international medical community. Experts from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in the U.S. wrote a commentary in the *Med* journal, highly praising the innovative therapy. They noted that the combination of COX inhibitors with PD-1 treatment not only increased the complete remission rate but also reduced immune suppression signals in the tumor microenvironment, enhancing the effectiveness of PD-1 therapy, with manageable side effects.
This research offers new hope for dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer patients worldwide, and further large-scale clinical trials are expected to confirm its efficacy. The combination of COX inhibitors with PD-1 immunotherapy could become a safe and effective treatment option for dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer patients, providing hope for long-term survival.
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